This will be a brief explanation of types of protocols used. Commonly there are three types of protocols which are TCP, UDP and ICMP. TCP is a "connection-oriented protocol" and guaranteed while on the other hand UDP is "connectionless" and not guaranteed.
ICMP uses two types of message types which are Echo Request and Echo Reply.
Servers that accept incoming traffic must be placed on the DMZ network. DMZ stands for "Demilitarized Zone" and keeps incoming traffic secured.
Most of the ports are confined from the firewall side and safe-guard incoming traffic. Ports like 22, 23, 25 can be blocked but there is also a mean on how to redirect traffic.
For example, if port 25 is internally blocked, a sophisticated user can set up a mail server from the outside and send e-mail messages using another different port. In addition, changing to different ports from using the pre-defined ones can prevent hackers to enter your system and this will make the environement ground more safer and secured.
Until next time,
DarkSolo.
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